Treaty 5

Negotiations for Treaty Five were held at Berens River, Norway House and Grand Rapids. For the Crown, the coming of the steam boat to the Lake Winnipeg waterway would require a treaty to deal with access of settlers and traders to the water systems. It also wanted access to lands to enable agriculture in the territory. First Nations knew the steamboats would disrupt their way of life, as well as threaten the employment of nearly 200 of their people in the famous York boat factories.First Nations of Treaty Five were concerned with securing a new means of livelihood for their people.

Agriculture and education were viewed as means in acquiring new tools to survive in a changing environment. Annuities, medals, and suits of clothing were presented. Other provisions included tools and implements for agriculture, assistance with education, ammunition, twine, and nets for fishing and the prohibition of alcohol. As well, protection for traditional economies was included in Treaty Five, as well as land to be set aside. However, for reasons unknown, less land was received (160 acres per family of 5, compared to 640 acres per family of 5 in Treaty 4).

The Original Treaty 5 document

Treaty 5 (Indian & Northern Affairs Canada)